Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

1) 

In today's workplace, ________. 

1) 

_______ 

A) 

women are more likely than men to be promoted into management 

B) 

most organizations have eliminated the title of manager 

C) 

women tend to be more effective supervisors than men 

D) 

many employees perform work that in the past was considered managerial activities 

2) 

Because this is her first job, Melanie was unclear about what managers actually do. Fortunately her training materials explained that a manager's job focuses on ________. 

2) 

_______ 

A) 

helping others accomplish their work goals 

B) 

performing clerical duties 

C) 

supervising groups rather than individual employees 

D) 

personal achievement 

3) 

An individual who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals is ________. 

3) 

_______ 

A) 

an assembly line worker 

B) 

a salesperson 

C) 

a laborer 

D) 

a manager 

4) 

As part of the orientation for her internship, Rebecca was informed that ________ are the people who direct the activities of others in an organization. 

4) 

_______ 

A) 

line workers 

B) 

subordinates 

C) 

managers 

D) 

directors 

5) 

The organizational chart shows titles such as front-line manager, plant manager, and vice president of operations. It is very likely this organization has a ________. 

5) 

_______ 

A) 

modern matrix structure 

B) 

flexible structure 

C) 

traditional committee structure 

D) 

traditional pyramid structure 

6) 

First-line managers are typically those who ________. 

6) 

_______ 

A) 

perform the same work as the people they manage but earn more money 

B) 

are at the top of the organizational chart 

C) 

are typically involved with producing the organization's products or providing its service 

D) 

are the first persons new hires meet 

7) 

Supervisor is another name for ________. 

7) 

_______ 

A) 

middle manager 

B) 

top manager 

C) 

team leader 

D) 

first-line manager 

8) 

A ________ is an example of a first-line manager. 

8) 

_______ 

A) 

regional manager 

B) 

shift manager 

C) 

store manager 

D) 

division manager 

9) 

Kelly, a production supervisor, is responsible for ten employees who assemble components into a finished product. Kelly is a ________. 

9) 

_______ 

A) 

top manager 

B) 

middle manager 

C) 

first-line manager 

D) 

nonmanagerial employee 

10) 

Managers with titles such as regional manager, project leader, or division manager are ________. 

10) 

______ 

A) 

top managers 

B) 

middle managers 

C) 

production managers 

D) 

first-line managers 

11) 

Ben, a production plant manager, reports to Dan, a regional manager. Ben and Dan are ________. 

11) 

______ 

A) 

top managers 

B) 

first-line managers 

C) 

supervisors 

D) 

middle managers 

12) 

________ are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. 

12) 

______ 

A) 

Research managers 

B) 

Top managers 

C) 

Production managers 

D) 

Middle managers 

13) 

Tom is responsible for project managers who supervise others who perform manual work. He reports to a vice president on another continent. Tom is a ________. 

13) 

______ 

A) 

nonmanager 

B) 

first-line manager 

C) 

top manager 

D) 

middle manager 

14) 

________ have titles such as executive vice president, chief operating officer, and chief executive officer. 

14) 

______ 

A) 

Top managers 

B) 

First-line managers 

C) 

Middle managers 

D) 

Supervisors 

15) 

Kenneth is a vice president of operations. His position would be regarded as a ________. 

15) 

______ 

A) 

middle manager 

B) 

first-line manager 

C) 

top manager 

D) 

supervisor 

16) 

Blue Fin and ChrisCraft, two boat manufacturers, have merged. Top managers now must decide how the work will be divided and who will do what work in the merged firm. The pre-merger firms, and the merged firm, are each examples of ________. 

16) 

______ 

A) 

organizations 

B) 

coalitions 

C) 

affinity groups 

D) 

strategic partnerships 

TRUE/FALSE.  Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 

17) 

Today's managers are just as likely to be women as they are men. 

17) 

______ 

18) 

A manager must coordinate and oversee the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished. 

18) 

______ 

19) 

A manager's job is all about personal achievement. 

19) 

______ 

20) 

In traditionally structured organizations, managers can be classified as first-line managers, middle managers, or top managers. 

20) 

______ 

21) 

Middle managers are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. 

21) 

______ 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

22) 

Explain briefly how the definition of a manager has changed over time. 

23) 

Describe and provide examples of first-line, middle, and top managers. 

TRUE/FALSE.  Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 

24) 

Increased environmental complexity and uncertainty make the manager's job even more important now than it was 20 or 30 years ago. 

24) 

______ 

25) 

Low-level managers have very little impact on the organization's performance. 

25) 

______ 

26) 

A great manager can inspire employees professionally and personally. 

26) 

______ 

27) 

Managers play an important role in dealing with various challenges being faced by organizations today. 

27) 

______ 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

28) 

Identify and discuss three reasons managers are still important even in the changing organizational structures in use today. 

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

29) 

Time should be considered a(n) ________ resource. 

29) 

______ 

A) 

diminishing 

B) 

limited 

C) 

abundant 

D) 

renewable 

30) 

One method to become more efficient in managing your time is to ________. 

30) 

______ 

A) 

shorten deadlines so you will be pressed to complete tasks early 

B) 

classify each activity or task as A, B, or C 

C) 

enlist the aid of a management coach to keep you on task 

D) 

schedule more in one day than you can reasonably expect to finish 

31) 

Technology makes it easier to stay connected but ________. 

31) 

______ 

A) 

it raises expectations on the part of those to whom we are connected 

B) 

technology fails, batteries lose power, and their effectiveness wanes 

C) 

it also presents constant distractions, making it difficult to stay on task 

D) 

there is always the risk of security breaches and the theft of information necessary for good time management practices 

32) 

Andrew is reviewing next week's orders, scheduling orders to machines, and assigning employees to run those machines. Andrew is engaged in ________. 

32) 

______ 

A) 

leading 

B) 

controlling 

C) 

planning 

D) 

organizing 

33) 

Donald's ability to complete activities efficiently and effectively with and through other people is known as ________. 

33) 

______ 

A) 

delegation 

B) 

entrepreneurship 

C) 

management 

D) 

leadership 

34) 

________ involves ensuring that work activities are completed efficiently and effectively by the people responsible for doing them. 

34) 

______ 

A) 

Leading 

B) 

Planning 

C) 

Organizing 

D) 

Managing 

35) 

Which one of the following is an example of an efficient manufacturing technique? 

35) 

______ 

A) 

Increasing product reject rates. 

B) 

Meeting customers' rigorous demand. 

C) 

Reducing the amount of scrap created in the process of making a product. 

D) 

Increasing the amount of time to manufacture products. 

36) 

Wasting resources is considered to be an example of ________. 

36) 

______ 

A) 

ineffectiveness 

B) 

ineffableness 

C) 

inefficacy 

D) 

inefficiency 

37) 

An automobile manufacturer increased the total number of cars produced while keeping the production costs the same. The manufacturer increased its ________. 

37) 

______ 

A) 

effort 

B) 

effectiveness 

C) 

efficiency 

D) 

equity 

38) 

Ellen's ability to produce the same amount of product with fewer personnel is a reflection of her ________. 

38) 

______ 

A) 

leadership 

B) 

organizing skills 

C) 

efficiency 

D) 

effectiveness 

39) 

Effectiveness is associated with ________. 

39) 

______ 

A) 

doing the right things 

B) 

reducing inventory 

C) 

decreasing production time 

D) 

doing things right 

40) 

Whereas ________ is concerned with the means of getting things done, ________ is concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals. 

40) 

______ 

A) 

effort; efficiency 

B) 

effectiveness; efficiency 

C) 

efficiency; effectiveness 

D) 

efficiency; experience 

41) 

The fact that Eileen achieves her departmental goals is an indication of her ________ as a manager. 

41) 

______ 

A) 

leadership 

B) 

effectiveness 

C) 

attention to detail 

D) 

efficiency 

42) 

If your team quickly painted the wall but discovered afterward it was the wrong wall, your team would be ________. 

42) 

______ 

A) 

efficient and effective 

B) 

efficient but ineffective 

C) 

effective but inefficient 

D) 

neither effective nor efficient 

43) 

If Fiona accomplishes her projects with high-quality results, but takes more time than other managers in the process, as a manager she is ________. 

43) 

______ 

A) 

a leader, but not a top manager 

B) 

effective, but inefficient 

C) 

efficient, but ineffective 

D) 

project oriented, but not effective 

44) 

More than a hundred years ago, Henri Fayol proposed that managers performed five functions. They were ________. 

44) 

______ 

A) 

planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling 

B) 

planning, organizing, directing, evaluating, and controlling 

C) 

planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling 

D) 

organizing, directing, coordinating, evaluating, and controlling 

45) 

Today, the basic management functions include ________. 

45) 

______ 

A) 

planning, organizing, directing, and controlling 

B) 

planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling 

C) 

planning, organizing, leading, and controlling 

D) 

planning, organizing, commanding, and coordinating 

46) 

Establishing strategies for achieving organizational goals is a part of the ________ function. 

46) 

______ 

A) 

leading 

B) 

organizing 

C) 

planning 

D) 

coordinating 

47) 

When Gavin decides how many units of output his employees should produce, he is performing which of the following management functions? 

47) 

______ 

A) 

Planning 

B) 

Organizing 

C) 

Controlling 

D) 

Leading 

48) 

Organizing includes ________. 

48) 

______ 

A) 

motivating organizational members 

B) 

hiring organizational members 

C) 

setting organizational goals 

D) 

determining who does what tasks 

49) 

The human resources manager is meeting with the production manager to write job descriptions and to decide how to group jobs for a new production line. These two are engaged in ________. 

49) 

______ 

A) 

controlling 

B) 

organizing 

C) 

leading 

D) 

planning 

50) 

Two of Brent's subordinates have not been getting along, a situation that has now interfered with their productivity. When Brent meets with them to resolve the conflict, he is engaged in ________. 

50) 

______ 

A) 

controlling 

B) 

organizing 

C) 

planning 

D) 

leading 

51) 

Motivating subordinates is primarily associated with the management function of ________. 

51) 

______ 

A) 

directing 

B) 

planning 

C) 

organizing 

D) 

leading 

52) 

The ________ roles involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information, according to Mintzberg's managerial roles. 

52) 

______ 

A) 

informational 

B) 

technical 

C) 

decisional 

D) 

interpersonal 

53) 

When Fred tells the employees that he is sure they can fulfill the schedule because they are good and skilled employees, he is performing which of the following management functions? 

53) 

______ 

A) 

Negotiating 

B) 

Controlling 

C) 

Leading 

D) 

Delegating 

54) 

When Brandi is sharing with her team members the information she received at this morning's production meeting, she is performing the Mintzberg role of ________. 

54) 

______ 

A) 

monitor 

B) 

disseminator 

C) 

liaison 

D) 

entrepreneur 

55) 

The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is called ________. 

55) 

______ 

A) 

evaluating 

B) 

leading 

C) 

planning 

D) 

controlling 

56) 

When Joe checks the amount of output that the employees have completed and the number of units that have been rejected, he is performing which of the following management functions? 

56) 

______ 

A) 

Evaluating 

B) 

Monitoring 

C) 

Controlling 

D) 

Leading 

57) 

________ developed a categorization scheme for defining what managers do, consisting of ten different but highly interrelated roles. 

57) 

______ 

A) 

Abraham Maslow 

B) 

Henry Mintzberg 

C) 

Peter Drucker 

D) 

Henri Fayol 

58) 

According to Mintzberg's managerial roles, the ________ roles are ones that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. 

58) 

______ 

A) 

decisional 

B) 

interpersonal 

C) 

technical 

D) 

informational 

59) 

When the mayor officiates at the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the new bridge, he is performing one of Mintzberg's ________ roles. 

59) 

______ 

A) 

decisional 

B) 

informational 

C) 

organizing 

D) 

interpersonal 

60) 

The ________ role (as Mintzberg defined it) is more important for lower-level managers than it is for either middle- or top-level managers. 

60) 

______ 

A) 

figurehead 

B) 

negotiator 

C) 

disseminator 

D) 

leader 

61) 

Mark is vice president of finance. At his level of management, he is more likely to use the role of ________ than ________. 

61) 

______ 

A) 

leader; disseminator 

B) 

spokesperson; negotiator 

C) 

disseminator; leader 

D) 

figurehead; liaison 

62) 

Connie has an idea for a new product she would like to produce and market. Mintzberg would consider the activities necessary to form and launch her company to be part of the ________ role. 

62) 

______ 

A) 

planning 

B) 

negotiator 

C) 

resource allocator 

D) 

entrepreneur 

63) 

Technical skills include ________. 

63) 

______ 

A) 

the ability to work well with individuals and groups 

B) 

job specific knowledge needed to proficiently perform work tasks 

C) 

experience gained by experiments that are used in performing managerial tasks 

D) 

skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations 

64) 

One of Calvin's employees is having problems with a production machine so Calvin helps him troubleshoot the problem. Calvin is using his ________ skills. 

64) 

______ 

A) 

conceptual 

B) 

negotiator 

C) 

interpersonal 

D) 

technical 

65) 

________ skills tend to be more important for first-line managers since they manage employees who produce the organization's product or service the organization's customers. 

65) 

______ 

A) 

Human 

B) 

Technical 

C) 

Empirical 

D) 

Conceptual 

66) 

When Paul manages the employees who produce the product, he is utilizing his ________. 

66) 

______ 

A) 

interpersonal skills 

B) 

technical skills 

C) 

disseminator skills 

D) 

conceptual skills 

67) 

Understanding machine operating instructions would be considered a(n) ________ skill for a production manager. 

67) 

______ 

A) 

conceptual 

B) 

interpersonal 

C) 

technical 

D) 

empirical 

68) 

________ skills involve the ability to work well with other people, both individually and in a group. 

68) 

______ 

A) 

Technical 

B) 

Assessment 

C) 

Interpersonal 

D) 

Planning 

69) 

When Michael meets with the human resources manager to discuss a complaint filed by one of the employees in the production department, he requires which of the following managerial skills? 

69) 

______ 

A) 

Negotiator skills 

B) 

Conceptual skills 

C) 

Interpersonal skills 

D) 

Disturbance handler skills 

70) 

When Sam Walton visited his Walmart stores, he would often lead the employees in cheers and give inspiring speeches. Sam knew the importance of ________ skills. 

70) 

______ 

A) 

interpersonal 

B) 

decisional 

C) 

technical 

D) 

conceptual 

71) 

Ralph's search for new technologies that can be used in the production processes of his plant is an example of which type of management skill? 

71) 

______ 

A) 

Conceptual 

B) 

Monitor 

C) 

Effectiveness 

D) 

Communication 

72) 

Which one of the following is true concerning the three managerial skills? 

72) 

______ 

A) 

Conceptual skills are most important for lower-level managers. 

B) 

Technical skills tend to be most important for middle-level managers. 

C) 

Technical skills increase and conceptual skills decrease in importance as a manager climbs the organizational chart. 

D) 

Interpersonal skills remain equally important to all levels of management. 

73) 

Because Sterling is a shift manager, ________. 

73) 

______ 

A) 

his technical skills are of the utmost priority 

B) 

his interpersonal skills are not important 

C) 

his conceptual skills are of the utmost priority 

D) 

he need not have any empirical skills 

74) 

Terry has recently been promoted from shift manager to department manager. As a result, ________. 

74) 

______ 

A) 

the importance of his interpersonal skills is reduced 

B) 

his conceptual skills are going to take the priority 

C) 

his empirical skills are going to be most important 

D) 

the importance of his technical skills is reduced 

75) 

The CEO of MindWerks must understand the industry in which his business competes, the future of that industry, and the competition. This requires strong ________ skills. 

75) 

______ 

A) 

conceptual 

B) 

technical 

C) 

controlling 

D) 

interpersonal 

76) 

Ethan is the president of his organization. Therefore, ________. 

76) 

______ 

A) 

his interpersonal skills are not important 

B) 

conceptual skills are the most important skills that Ethan requires 

C) 

he should be very sound in his technical skills 

D) 

he can manage with limited financial skills 

77) 

Managers with good ________ skills know how to communicate, motivate and lead to get the best out of their people. 

77) 

______ 

A) 

interpersonal 

B) 

empirical 

C) 

technical 

D) 

conceptual 

78) 

Conceptual skills involve ________. 

78) 

______ 

A) 

managing employees who use tools to produce the organization's products 

B) 

thinking about abstract and complex situations 

C) 

inspiring enthusiasm and trust among employees 

D) 

communicating with customers 

TRUE/FALSE.  Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 

79) 

Effectiveness refers to getting the most output from the least amount of input. 

79) 

______ 

80) 

Efficiency is described as "doing things right." 

80) 

______ 

81) 

Determining who reports to whom is part of the planning function of management. 

81) 

______ 

82) 

Directing and motivating are part of the organizing function of management. 

82) 

______ 

83) 

The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, commanding, and controlling. 

83) 

______ 

84) 

As part of Dave's controlling function of management, he must monitor and evaluate performance. 

84) 

______ 

85) 

Conceptual skills are less important to top managers. 

85) 

______ 

86) 

According to Mintzberg, the leader role is more important for higher-level managers because they have responsibility for more of the organization. 

86) 

______ 

87) 

Figurehead, leader, and liaison are all informational managerial roles according to Mintzberg. 

87) 

______ 

88) 

Disturbance handler is one of Mintzberg's interpersonal roles. 

88) 

______ 

89) 

According to Robert L. Katz, managers need to have technical, interpersonal, and conceptual skills. 

89) 

______ 

90) 

Technical skills become less important as a manager moves into higher levels of management. 

90) 

______ 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

91) 

Briefly discuss the difference between efficiency and effectiveness. 

92) 

List and explain the four basic functions of management. 

93) 

List the ten managerial roles developed by Mintzberg. 

94) 

Describe the three main types of managerial skills identified by Robert Katz. Which skills are most important to each level of management, and why? 

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

95) 

Examples of new technologies that are changing the way managers work include;________. 

95) 

______ 

A) 

artificial intelligence 

B) 

cloud computing 

C) 

robotics 

D) 

all of these 

96) 

Disruptive innovations; ________. 

96) 

______ 

A) 

are always beneficial  

B) 

can make a product obsolete   

C) 

rarely occur in today's world 

D) 

have little impact on managers 

97) 

Social media is a communications tool which should be ________. 

97) 

______ 

A) 

used to foster cooperation and collaboration 

B) 

used to publish one-way messages from managers to employees 

C) 

banned from the workplace 

D) 

limited only to top managers 

98) 

Which of these examples that a manager might encounter deals with ethical issues?  

98) 

______ 

A) 

An employee is terminated for poor performance. 

B) 

A major drug company increases prices by 300% to increase profits. 

C) 

A bank increases consumer interest rates when market interest rates go up. 

D) 

Product sales increase by 50% due to strong consumer demand. 

99) 

Today's manager must deal with a host of new challenges that include ________. 

99) 

______ 

A) 

how to organize operations 

B) 

increasing production efficiency 

C) 

greater political uncertainty 

D) 

staffing and employee issues 

TRUE/FALSE.  Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 

100) 

One of the most difficult aspects of the increasing use of technology in the workplace has been to make employees comfortable around robots. 

100) 

_____ 

101) 

Innovation is confined to high-tech and other technologically sophisticated organizations. 

101) 

_____ 

102) 

Firms that compete in non-technology markets, such as retailers, need not concern themselves with innovation. 

102) 

_____ 

103) 

In order for organizations to survive successfully, managers must create a customer-responsive organization. 

103) 

_____ 

104) 

Because of the advances in social media and the extensive use of technology in business communications, social skills have diminished in importance in the workplace. 

104) 

_____ 

105) 

Managers must understand and manage both the power and the peril of social media. 

105) 

_____ 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

106) 

Briefly describe the importance of disruptive innovation to the manager's job. 

107) 

In a short essay, describe the importance of customers to the manager's job. 

108) 

Select three of the focuses of today's managers and discuss its importance to the success of business. 

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

109) 

Management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and in all organizational work areas, and in all organizations, no matter where they are located. This principle is known as the ________. 

109) 

_____ 

A) 

neutrality of management 

B) 

universality of management 

C) 

reality of management 

D) 

impartiality of management 

110) 

Which one of the following represents one of the challenges of management? 

110) 

_____ 

A) 

Helping others find meaning and fulfillment in their work. 

B) 

Creating an environment in which organizational members can do their best work. 

C) 

Influencing organizational outcomes. 

D) 

Having to deal with a variety of personalities. 

111) 

Which one of the following represents one reward of being a manager? 

111) 

_____ 

A) 

Receiving recognition in the organization. 

B) 

Motivating workers in chaotic situations. 

C) 

Performing duties that are more clerical than managerial. 

D) 

Operating with limited resources. 

112) 

The universality of management means that ________. 

112) 

_____ 

A) 

any manager can work in any organization and perform any management function 

B) 

all managers in all organizations perform the same quantity of managerial functions 

C) 

all managers in all organizations perform managerial functions in similar ways 

D) 

all managers in all organizations perform the four management functions 

TRUE/FALSE.  Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. 

113) 

Management is universally needed in all organizations. 

113) 

_____ 

114) 

Research shows that the quality of management has little impact on the success of the business. 

114) 

_____ 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

115) 

List at least five rewards of being a manager. 

116) 

What is universality of management? Why is it important? 

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

117) 

Effectively dealing with organizational politics helps you ________. 

117) 

_____ 

A) 

get better performance evaluations 

B) 

get promoted despite qualifications  

C) 

find ways to work less  

D) 

develop powerful allies 

 

1) 

D 

2) 

A 

3) 

D 

4) 

C 

5) 

D 

6) 

C 

7) 

D 

8) 

B 

9) 

C 

10) 

B 

11) 

D 

12) 

B 

13) 

D 

14) 

A 

15) 

C 

16) 

A 

17) 

TRUE 

18) 

TRUE 

19) 

FALSE 

20) 

TRUE 

21) 

FALSE 

22) 

Managers used to be defined as the organizational members who told others what to do and how to do it. In the past, it was easy to differentiate managers from nonmanagerial employees. Nonmanagers were organizational members who worked directly on a job or task and had no one reporting to them. Managers were those who supervised other employees.
Today, the changing nature of organizations and work has blurred the distinction between managers and nonmanagerial employees. Many traditional nonmanagerial jobs now include managerial activities. Most employees are multi-skilled and are being cross trained. Within a single shift, an employee can be a team leader, equipment operator, maintenance technician, quality inspector, or improvement planner. 

23) 

a. First-line managers are the lowest level of management and manage the work of nonmanagerial individuals who are directly involved with the production or creation of the organization's products or servicing its customers. First-line managers are often called supervisors or even shift managers, district managers, department managers, or office managers.
b. Middle managers are found between the lowest and top levels of the organization. These managers manage the work of first-line managers and may have titles such as department head, project leader, store manager, or division manager.
c. Top managers are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. These individuals typically have titles such as executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, or chief executive officer. 

24) 

TRUE 

25) 

FALSE 

26) 

TRUE 

27) 

TRUE 

28) 

a. The first reason why managers are important is because organizations need their managerial skills and abilities more than ever in uncertain, complex, and chaotic times. As organizations deal with today's challenges—changing workforce dynamics, the worldwide economic climate, changing technology, ever-increasing globalization, and so forth—managers play an important role in identifying critical issues and crafting responses.
b. Another reason why managers are important to organizations is because they're critical to getting things done. They create and coordinate the workplace environment and work systems so that others can perform those tasks. Or, if work isn't getting done or isn't getting done as it should be, they're the ones who find out why and get things back on track. And these managers are key players in leading the company into the future.
c. Finally, managers do matter to organizations. The single most important variable in employee productivity and loyalty isn't pay or benefits or workplace environment—it's the quality of the relationship between employees and their direct supervisors. The way a company manages and engages its people can significantly affect its financial performance. Leadership is the single largest influence on employee engagement. Managerial ability is important in creating organizational value. 

29) 

B 

30) 

B 

31) 

C 

32) 

C 

33) 

C 

34) 

D 

35) 

C 

36) 

D 

37) 

C 

38) 

C 

39) 

A 

40) 

C 

41) 

B 

42) 

B 

43) 

B 

44) 

A 

45) 

C 

46) 

C 

47) 

A 

48) 

D 

49) 

B 

50) 

D 

51) 

D 

52) 

A 

53) 

C 

54) 

B 

55) 

D 

56) 

C 

57) 

B 

58) 

B 

59) 

D 

60) 

D 

61) 

C 

62) 

D 

63) 

B 

64) 

D 

65) 

B 

66) 

B 

67) 

C 

68) 

C 

69) 

C 

70) 

A 

71) 

A 

72) 

D 

73) 

A 

74) 

D 

75) 

A 

76) 

B 

77) 

A 

78) 

B 

79) 

FALSE 

80) 

TRUE 

81) 

FALSE 

82) 

FALSE 

83) 

FALSE 

84) 

TRUE 

85) 

FALSE 

86) 

FALSE 

87) 

FALSE 

88) 

FALSE 

89) 

TRUE 

90) 

TRUE 

91) 

a. Efficiency refers to getting the most output from the least amount of inputs. Because managers deal with scarce inputs-including resources such as people, money, and equipment-they are concerned with the efficient use of resources. It's often referred to as "doing things right"-that is, not wasting resources. For instance, efficient manufacturing techniques can be implemented by doing things such as cutting inventory levels, decreasing the amount of time to manufacture products, and lowering product reject rates.
b. Effectiveness is often described as "doing the right things"-that is, doing those work activities that will help the organization reach its goals. For instance, goals can include meeting customers' rigorous demands, executing world-class manufacturing strategies, and making employee jobs easier and safer. Through various work initiatives these goals can be pursued and achieved. Whereas efficiency is concerned with the means of getting things done, effectiveness is concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals. 

92) 

The four basic functions of management are (a) Planning, (b) Organizing, (c) Leading, and (d) Controlling.
a. When managers engage in planning, they set goals, establish strategies for achieving those goals, and develop plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
b. When managers organize, they determine what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.
c. When managers engage in leading, they motivate subordinates, help resolve work group conflicts, influence individuals or teams as they work, select the most effective communication channel, or deal in any way with employee behavior issues.
d. When managers control, they ensure that goals are being met and that work is being done as it should be. They monitor and evaluate performance. They compare actual performance with the set goals. If those goals aren't being achieved, it's the manager's job to get work back on track. This process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is the controlling function. 

93) 

Mintzberg described ten managerial roles grouped around interpersonal relationships, the transfer of information, and decision making.

A. The interpersonal roles are ones that involve people (subordinates and persons outside the organization) and other duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. The three interpersonal roles include
a. figurehead
b. leader
c. liaison

B. The informational roles involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information. The three informational roles include
a. monitor
b. disseminator
c. spokesperson

C. Finally, the decisional roles entail making decisions or choices. The four decisional roles include
a. entrepreneur
b. disturbance handler
c. resource allocator
d. negotiator 

94) 

Robert L. Katz proposed that managers need three critical skills in managing technical, interpersonal, and conceptual.
a. Technical skills are the job specific knowledge and techniques needed to proficiently perform work tasks. These skills tend to be more important for first-line managers because they typically manage employees who use tools and techniques to produce the organization's products or service the organization's customers. Often, employees with excellent technical skills get promoted to first-line manager.
b. Human skills involve the ability to work well with other people, both individually and in a group. Because all managers deal with people, these skills are equally important to all levels of management. Managers with good interpersonal skills get the best out of their people. They know how to communicate, motivate, lead, and inspire enthusiasm and trust.
c. Conceptual skills are the skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations. Using these skills, managers see the organization as a whole, understand the relationships among various subunits, and visualize how the organization fits into its broader environment. These skills are most important to top managers. 

95) 

D 

96) 

B 

97) 

A 

98) 

B 

99) 

C 

100) 

FALSE 

101) 

FALSE 

102) 

FALSE 

103) 

TRUE 

104) 

FALSE 

105) 

TRUE 

106) 

Innovation means doing things differently, exploring new territory, and taking risks. It is not just for high-tech or other technologically sophisticated organizations. Innovative efforts can be found in all types of organizations. If a firm does not innovate, it undertakes great risks. Innovation is critical to today's organizations. Even if a specific organization is not adopting new technologies, the organization will be competing with firms that do utilize new technologies. One example given in the text is how traditional taxi companies have been affected by Uber and Lyft. Managers are continuously challenged to stay competitive using new technologies or challenged with finding ways to compete against new technologies or disruptive innovation.  

107) 

Organizations need customers. Without them, most organizations would cease to exist. Yet, focusing on the customer has long been thought to be the responsibility of marketing types. However, employee attitudes and behaviors play a big role in customer satisfaction. Managers are recognizing that delivering consistent high-quality customer service is essential for survival and success in today's competitive environment and that employees are an important part of that equation. Managers must create a customer-responsive organization where employees are friendly and courteous, accessible, knowledgeable, prompt in responding to customer needs, and willing to do what's necessary to please the customer. 

108) 

Students' answers will vary.
a. Customer By listening to customers, businesses can discover new opportunities for products and services. They may also discover why some customers remain loyal to the company and why others leave.
b. Technology Although technology cannot completely replace human interaction and judgment, it can automate routine and hazardous tasks, thereby freeing humans for more complex tasks. Technology can make humans more productive, reducing costs and increasing profitability.
c. Social Media More and more businesses are turning to social media as a way to connect to customers. Employees can use social media to support and promote their employer and to cooperate and collaborate with each other.
d. Disruptive innovation Innovation is critical at all levels in the organization. Customers demand new, better, more robust products and services. Innovation can provide the competitive advantage necessary for continued success. Businesses also compete against disruptive innovation and must learn ways to remain viable.
e. Ethics Doing what's right is becoming increasingly important given today's employee and consumer attitudes. An ethical focus encompasses numerous issues including an increased focus on sustainability and creating an ethical workplace. Customers expect businesses to manage themselves in such a way as to provide quality products and services while using the smallest footprint possible, preserving resources for future generations, and treating everyone equally and with respect and dignity.
f. Political uncertainty Organizations are faced with increased political uncertainty, even in developed countries. New federal, state and city laws force organizations to adapt and change ways of doing business. New trade agreements, trade disputes, and political structures change the cost and manner of doing business with other countries.  

109) 

B 

110) 

D 

111) 

A 

112) 

D 

113) 

TRUE 

114) 

FALSE 

115) 

Rewards of Being a Manager
a. 	Managers create a work environment in which organizational members can work to the best of their ability.
b. 	Managers have opportunities to think creatively and use their imagination.
c. 	Managers help others find meaning and fulfillment in work.
d. 	Managers get to support, coach, and nurture others.
e. 	Managers get to work with a variety of people.
f. 	Managers receive recognition and status in organization and community.
g. 	Managers play a role in influencing organizational outcomes.
h. 	Managers receive appropriate compensation in the form of salaries, bonuses, and stock options. 

116) 

Management is needed in all types and sizes of organizations, at all organizational levels and in all organizational work areas, and in all organizations, no matter where they're located. This is known as the universality of management. In all organizations, managers must plan, organize, lead, and control.
Management is universally needed in all organizations. So it is necessary to find ways to improve the way organizations are managed. Organizations that are well-managed develop a loyal customer base, grow, and prosper, even during challenging times. Those that are poorly managed find themselves losing customers and revenues. By studying management and its universality, an individual will be able to recognize poor management and work to get it corrected. 

117) 

D