Exam
Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 

1) 

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 

1) 

_______ 

A) 

Ehrlich — chemotherapy 

B) 

Koch — aseptic surgery 

C) 

Jenner — vaccination 

D) 

Pasteur — proof of biogenesis 

2) 

Which of the following is a scientific name? 

2) 

_______ 

A) 

Streptococci 

B) 

IGAS 

C) 

Streptococcus pyogenes 

D) 

Flesh-eating bacteria 

E) 

Group A streptococcus 

3) 

Which of the following is not a domain in the three-domain system? 

3) 

_______ 

A) 

Animalia 

B) 

Bacteria 

C) 

Eukarya 

D) 

Archaea 

4) 

Which of the following is true about fungi? 

4) 

_______ 

A) 

All are prokaryotic. 

B) 

All grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide. 

C) 

All require organic material for growth. 

D) 

All are plants. 

E) 

All are multicellular. 

5) 

Which of the following is not true about protozoa? 

5) 

_______ 

A) 

They are classified by their method of locomotion. 

B) 

They have rigid cell walls. 

C) 

All have complex cells. 

D) 

All are eukaryotic. 

E) 

All are unicellular. 

6) 

Which of the following is true about viruses? 

6) 

_______ 

A) 

They cannot reproduce themselves. 

B) 

They are not composed of cells. 

C) 

They cannot metabolize nutrients. 

D) 

They have DNA or RNA. 

E) 

All of the above. 

7) 

Which of the following is probably true about all the experiments that proved spontaneous generation? 

7) 

_______ 

A) 

The food source could not support life. 

B) 

Air was lacking. 

C) 

Microorganisms were already present. 

D) 

Too much heat was applied. 

E) 

All of the above. 

8) 

Regarding Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is true? 

8) 

_______ 

A) 

There was a food source involved. 

B) 

There was air involved. 

C) 

All microorganisms were killed before beginning. 

D) 

Any possibility of contamination was removed. 

E) 

All of the above. 

9) 

Which of the following is true about insect control by microorganisms? 

9) 

_______ 

A) 

The microorganisms are specific for the insect pest. 

B) 

The microorganisms may cause disease in other animals. 

C) 

This technique is just as dangerous as the use of chemical pesticides. 

D) 

The insects develop resistance to the microorganisms. 

E) 

The microorganisms are permanent in the environment. 

10) 

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 

10) 

______ 

A) 

Lister — aseptic surgery 

B) 

Hooke — cell theory 

C) 

Pasteur — fermentation 

D) 

van Leeuwenhoek — germ theory 

E) 

None of the above 

11) 

Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? 

11) 

______ 

A) 

Hooke 

B) 

Koch 

C) 

van Leeuwenhoek 

D) 

Pasteur 

E) 

None of the above 

12) 

Who observed cells in plant material? 

12) 

______ 

A) 

Koch 

B) 

van Leeuwenhoek 

C) 

Hooke 

D) 

Pasteur 

E) 

None of the above 

13) 

Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope? 

13) 

______ 

A) 

Koch 

B) 

van Leeuwenhoek 

C) 

Pasteur 

D) 

Hooke 

E) 

None of the above 

14) 

Who proved that microorganisms cause disease? 

14) 

______ 

A) 

Koch 

B) 

Hooke 

C) 

van Leeuwenhoek 

D) 

Pasteur 

E) 

None of the above 

15) 

Which of the following is a scientific name? 

15) 

______ 

A) 

Hansen's bacillus 

B) 

Mycobacterium leprae 

C) 

Acid-fast bacteria 

D) 

Leprosy bacterium 

16) 

Classification of organisms in the three domains is based on 

16) 

______ 

A) 

Cell wall. 

B) 

Nucleus. 

C) 

Nutritional type. 

D) 

Cell type. 

E) 

Number of cells. 

17) 

Which of the following statements is untrue? 

17) 

______ 

A) 

All fungi are multicellular. 

B) 

All bacteria lack nuclear membranes. 

C) 

All viruses are parasites. 

D) 

All fungi have nuclear membranes. 

E) 

All protozoa are unicellular. 

18) 

Which of the following statements is true? 

18) 

______ 

A) 

Algae are parasites. 

B) 

Viruses cannot reproduce outside of a host cell. 

C) 

Protozoa have rigid cell walls. 

D) 

Fungi are plants. 

E) 

Bacteria cannot move. 

19) 

Which of the following findings was essential for Jenner's vaccination process? 

19) 

______ 

A) 

A weakened microorganism may produce immunity. 

B) 

A weakened microorganism will not cause disease. 

C) 

Vaccination provides immunity. 

D) 

Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again. 

E) 

Disease is caused by viruses. 

20) 

Which of the following requirements was necessary for Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation? 

20) 

______ 

A) 

Supplying air 

B) 

Removing microorganisms that were initially present 

C) 

Providing a food source that would support growth 

D) 

Keeping microorganisms out 

E) 

All of the above 

21) 

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 

21) 

______ 

A) 

Immunologist — studies ecology of Legionella pneumophila 

B) 

Microbial ecologist — studies bacteria that degrade oil 

C) 

Microbial physiologist — studies fermentation of sourdough bread 

D) 

Molecular biologist — studies recombinant DNA 

E) 

Virologist — studies human immunodeficiency virus 

22) 

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 

22) 

______ 

A) 

Vaccine — a preparation of microorganisms 

B) 

Pathogen — disease causing 

C) 

Normal microbiota — harmful 

D) 

Chemotherapy — treatment of disease 

E) 

Penicillin — antibiotic 

23) 

Which of the following is not part of the study of microbiology? 

23) 

______ 

A) 

Viruses 

B) 

Helminths 

C) 

Fungi 

D) 

Bacteria 

E) 

Insects 

24) 

Which one of the following does not belong with the others? 

24) 

______ 

A) 

Fungi 

B) 

Archaea 

C) 

Bacteria 

D) 

Eukarya 

25) 

Which of the following is not an example of biotechnology? 

25) 

______ 

A) 

Bacterial production of yogurt 

B) 

Bacterial degradation of a dead animal 

C) 

Bacterial production of vinegar 

D) 

Bacterial production of French bread 

E) 

None of the above 

26) 

Recombinant DNA technology can be used to make all of the following except 

26) 

______ 

A) 

Vaccines. 

B) 

Drugs. 

C) 

Human hormones. 

D) 

Life. 

E) 

None of the above. 

27) 

The best definition of biotechnology is 

27) 

______ 

A) 

The use of living organisms to make desired products. 

B) 

Curing diseases. 

C) 

The development of recombinant DNA technology. 

D) 

The use of microorganisms in sewage treatment. 

E) 

All of the above. 

28) 

You are observing a cell through a microscope and note that it has no apparent nucleus. You conclude that it most likely 

28) 

______ 

A) 

Has a cellulose cell wall. 

B) 

Moves by pseudopods. 

C) 

Has a peptidoglycan cell wall. 

D) 

Is part of a multicellular animal. 

E) 

None of the above. 

29) 

A nucleated, green cell that moves by means of flagella is a(n) _____. 

29) 

______ 

A) 

Helminth 

B) 

Virus 

C) 

Alga 

D) 

Bacterium 

E) 

Fungus 

30) 

An agent that reproduces in cells but is not composed of cells and contains RNA as its genetic material is a(n) _____. 

30) 

______ 

A) 

Alga 

B) 

Bacterium 

C) 

Helminth 

D) 

Virus 

E) 

Fungus 

31) 

A multicellular organism that has chitin cell walls and absorbs organic material is a(n) _____. 

31) 

______ 

A) 

Fungus 

B) 

Virus 

C) 

Bacterium 

D) 

Helminth 

E) 

Alga 

32) 

A multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives in an animal host is a(n) _____. 

32) 

______ 

A) 

Helminth 

B) 

Virus 

C) 

Bacterium 

D) 

Fungus 

E) 

Alga 

33) 

In the name Escherichia coli, coli is the 

33) 

______ 

A) 

Genus. 

B) 

Domain. 

C) 

Specific epithet. 

D) 

Kingdom. 

E) 

None of the above 

34) 

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 

34) 

______ 

A) 

Winogradsky — microbial ecology 

B) 

Jenner — immunology 

C) 

Jacob and Monod — microbial genetics 

D) 

Lancefield — immunology 

E) 

Weizmann — virology 

35) 

Which of the following does not belong with the others? 

35) 

______ 

A) 

Human diseases 

B) 

Recycling elements 

C) 

Insect control 

D) 

Sewage treatment 

E) 

Bioremediation 

36) 

You are looking at a white cottony growth on a culture medium. Microscopic examination reveals it is multicellular. You can conclude all of the following about this organism except that it 

36) 

______ 

A) 

Has DNA enclosed in a nucleus. 

B) 

Has cell walls. 

C) 

Is eukaryotic. 

D) 

Is a bacterium. 

E) 

Absorbs organic nutrients. 

37) 

All members of the following groups contain DNA except 

37) 

______ 

A) 

Bacteria. 

B) 

Protozoa. 

C) 

Helminths. 

D) 

Fungi. 

E) 

Viruses. 

38) 

Which one of the following does not belong with the others? 

38) 

______ 

A) 

Nucleus 

B) 

Cellulose 

C) 

Chitin 

D) 

Peptidoglycan 

39) 

All of the following have cell walls except 

39) 

______ 

A) 

Animalia. 

B) 

Bacteria. 

C) 

Plantae. 

D) 

Fungi. 

E) 

None of the above. 

40) 

Which of the following does not belong with the others? 

40) 

______ 

A) 

Protista 

B) 

Fungi 

C) 

Animalia 

D) 

Helminth 

E) 

Plantae 

41) 

Fungi differ from bacteria because fungi 

41) 

______ 

A) 

Have a nucleus. 

B) 

Have cell walls. 

C) 

Have DNA. 

D) 

Spoil food. 

E) 

None of the above. 

42) 

Archaea differ from bacteria because archaea 

42) 

______ 

A) 

Lack peptidoglycan. 

B) 

Reproduce by binary fission. 

C) 

Lack nuclei. 

D) 

Use organic compounds for food. 

E) 

None of the above. 

43) 

Bacteria differ from viruses because bacteria 

43) 

______ 

A) 

Have cells. 

B) 

Can live without a host. 

C) 

Have DNA and RNA. 

D) 

All of the above. 

44) 

Which of the following lack a nucleus? 

44) 

______ 

A) 

Animalia 

B) 

Protozoa 

C) 

Bacteria 

D) 

Fungi 

E) 

None of the above 

45) 

Sourdough bread differs from conventional bread during leavening because 

45) 

______ 

A) 

Lactobacillus produce acids. 

B) 

Yeasts produce acid. 

C) 

Acids are added to it during rising. 

D) 

Yeasts produce carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. 

E) 

Of the temperature and humidity. 

ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 

46) 

In 1835 Bassi showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus, and in 1865 Pasteur found another silkworm disease was caused by a protozoan. Why do we use Koch's postulates instead of "Bassi's" or "Pasteur's" postulates? 

47) 

List two examples of biotechnology that involve recombinant DNA technology and two examples that do not. 

48) 

Paul Berg received the Nobel Prize for developing the procedure for incorporating fragments of animal DNA into bacteria. List some reasons why his work was a major contribution to science. 

 

1) 

B 

2) 

C 

3) 

A 

4) 

C 

5) 

B 

6) 

E 

7) 

C 

8) 

E 

9) 

A 

10) 

D 

11) 

D 

12) 

C 

13) 

B 

14) 

A 

15) 

B 

16) 

D 

17) 

A 

18) 

B 

19) 

A 

20) 

E 

21) 

A 

22) 

C 

23) 

E 

24) 

A 

25) 

E 

26) 

D 

27) 

A 

28) 

C 

29) 

C 

30) 

D 

31) 

A 

32) 

A 

33) 

C 

34) 

E 

35) 

A 

36) 

D 

37) 

E 

38) 

A 

39) 

A 

40) 

A 

41) 

A 

42) 

A 

43) 

D 

44) 

C 

45) 

A 

46) 

47) 

48)