Exam
Name___________________________________
 
MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 
1) 

Dr. Colerick believes that the way society views a person with mental retardation results in a handicap for that individual. Dr. Colerick is a proponent of which view of disability? 

1) 

_______ 
A) 

cultural perspective 

B) 

deficit perspective 
C) 

sociological perspective 

D) 

legal perspective 

 
2) 

Ms. Calabrace, a school psychologist, believes that the prevalence of disability in our schools can be clearly predicted using test scores distributed on a normal curve. Ms. Calabrace has which view of disability? 

2) 

_______ 
A) 

cultural perspective 

B) 

deficit perspective 
C) 

legal perspective 

D) 

sociological perspective 

 
3) 

Mr. and Mrs. Chee acknowledge that their son is different from his teenage peers, but they believe that these differences are to be celebrated. They are shocked when, at their son's IEP meeting, it is suggested that a transition plan be developed to help him be independent after high school, as they intend for him to be cared for by his siblings and others in their community. The Chees have which view of disability? 

3) 

_______ 
A) 

cultural perspective 

B) 

deficit perspective 
C) 

legal perspective 

D) 

sociological perspective 

 
4) 

Although Melinda has a hearing loss, she is a skilled lip reader who participates in all aspects of society. She is married, has a high-paying job, and does volunteer work through several community organizations. According to what you've learned from your text, Melinda has a 

4) 

_______ 
A) 

disability. 
B) 

deficit perspective of disability. 
C) 

typical lifestyle for a person with a hearing loss. 
D) 

handicap. 

 
5) 

Considering the appropriate use of disability-related terminology, indicate the most acceptable phrase. 

5) 

_______ 
A) 

children with intellectual and developmental disabilities 
B) 

mentally handicapped children 
C) 

retarded children 
D) 

mentally retarded children 

 
6) 

The first law guaranteeing the rights of students with disabilities to a free appropriate public education was 

6) 

_______ 
A) 

PL 101-476, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. 
B) 

PL 94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. 
C) 

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. 
D) 

PL 101-336, the Americans with Disabilities Act. 

 
7) 

Special education is based on the fundamental premise of 

7) 

_______ 
A) 

disability advocacy. 

B) 

civil rights. 
C) 

freedom of speech. 

D) 

"separate but equal" education. 

 
8) 

One benefit that IDEA provides for family members includes procedures to follow when they do not agree with schools about the education planned for or being delivered to their children. These procedures are referred to as 

8) 

_______ 
A) 

IEP meetings. 

B) 

due process. 
C) 

FAPE. 

D) 

related services. 

 
9) 

Which early 1970s court case extended the right for special education to children with all disabilities? 

9) 

_______ 
A) 

PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 
B) 

Honig v. Doe 
C) 

Brown v. Board of Education 
D) 

Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia 

 
10) 

Which landmark court case determined that school districts must provide those services that permit a student with disabilities to benefit from instruction? 

10) 

______ 
A) 

Irving Independent School District v. Tatro 

B) 

Cedar Rapids School District  v. Garret F 
C) 

Smith v. Robinson 

D) 

Rowley v. Hendrick Hudson School District 

 
11) 

In Cedar Rapids School District v. Garrett F., the Supreme Court interpreted IDEA's definition of a related service to include the provision of health services if 

11) 

______ 
A) 

the service takes place at least once during a typical school week. 
B) 

a doctor is necessary to provide the service. 
C) 

the service is necessary to keep a student in an educational program. 
D) 

the parents are willing to sign a consent form allowing the teacher to provide the service. 

 
12) 

Which of the following would be supported under ADA? 

12) 

______ 
A) 

education of students with disabilities in the least restrictive environment 
B) 

Old buildings must be renovated for accessibility. 
C) 

New buses, trains, and subways should be accessible. 
D) 

free appropriate public education for all students 

 
13) 

Section 504 and the ADA are considered to be all of the following EXCEPT 

13) 

______ 
A) 

anti-discrimination laws. 
B) 

laws that ensure greater access for people with disabilities. 
C) 

civil rights laws. 
D) 

educational laws. 

 
14) 

Normalization activities include all of the following EXCEPT 

14) 

______ 
A) 

attending a special school for students with similar educational needs. 
B) 

living in community settings. 
C) 

riding the same school bus as the other children. 
D) 

having a job. 

 
15) 

The first re-authorization of the EHA 

15) 

______ 
A) 

required students with disabilities to participate in state and district-wide testing. 
B) 

strengthened transitional services for adolescents with disabilities. 
C) 

added the disability categories of autism and traumatic brain injury. 
D) 

added services for infants, toddlers, and their families. 

 
16) 

All of the following were changes made to IDEA in the 2004 reauthorization EXCEPT 

16) 

______ 
A) 

added a new ADHD disability category.	 
B) 

streamlined IEP procedures. 
C) 

increased communication options between home and school. 
D) 

required special education teachers to be highly qualified. 

 
17) 

Which of the following is NOT true of FAPE? 

17) 

______ 
A) 

There is no cost to parents for special education services. 
B) 

Parents of infants and toddlers with disabilities may be charged for some services based on a sliding fee scale. 
C) 

Special education and related services must meet state standards. 
D) 

A student's placement is determined by classroom availability. 

 
18) 

Mr. and Mrs. Habibian want their son, who has an intellectual disability, to be educated with his peers as much as is appropriate and possible. Which component of IDEA does this refer to? 

18) 

______ 
A) 

FAPE 

B) 

LRE 

C) 

IEP 

D) 

related services 

 
19) 

LRE provides for each of the following EXCEPT 

19) 

______ 
A) 

individually determined placement based on student evaluations. 
B) 

evaluated at least monthly. 
C) 

a continuum of alternative placements. 
D) 

education with nondisabled peers to the maximum extent possible. 

 
20) 

Rachel is a college student with a learning disability.  Which of the following statements is true? 

20) 

______ 
A) 

There is no legislation that covers adults with disabilities, so she is entitled to no accommodations whatsoever. 
B) 

She is not entitled to any services or accommodations under IDEA, but is under the authority of No Child Left Behind. 
C) 

She is entitled to untimed testing in her college courses under the authority of the ADA. 
D) 

She is entitled to have someone read her college tests to her, under the authority of IDEA. 

 
21) 

How are students with disabilities included in the  No Child Left Behind Act of 2001? 

21) 

______ 
A) 

All students will have access to the general education curriculum.		 
B) 

All students will receive education in the general education setting. 
C) 

Students with disabilities must graduate with a regular diploma. 
D) 

Seventy-five percent of all students will fully participate in state and district testing. 

 
22) 

The Assistive Technology Act of 2004 is important to people with disabilities because 

22) 

______ 
A) 

employers can now provide assistive technology for employees, whereas they were unable to do this in the past. 
B) 

increased accessibility in the future rests, in part, with technology. 
C) 

they can now receive their assistive technology devices free of charge. 
D) 

all businesses are required to have an assistive technology plan in place for customers with disabilities. 

 
23) 

Alberto has been identified as having ADHD and qualifies for special education services According to IDEA, he would be classified under the __________ category. 

23) 

______ 
A) 

specific learning disabilities 

B) 

other health impairment 
C) 

emotional disturbance 

D) 

multiple disabilities 

 
24) 

Which special education category is a noncategorical identification used for children between the ages of 3 and 9? 

24) 

______ 
A) 

specific learning disability 

B) 

multiple disabilities 
C) 

developmental delay 

D) 

other health impairment 

 
25) 

Which of the following is the MOST prevalent among American schoolchildren? 

25) 

______ 
A) 

emotional disturbance 

B) 

speech or language impairments 
C) 

specific learning disability 

D) 

deaf-blindness 

 
26) 

Which of the following is NOT a high-incidence disability? 

26) 

______ 
A) 

other health impairments 

B) 

specific learning disability 
C) 

speech or language impairments 

D) 

mental retardation 

 
27) 

Davis has a traumatic brain injury. In order to receive this disability classification, 

27) 

______ 
A) 

his condition must also result in mental retardation. 
B) 

he cannot show any co-existing symptoms of an emotional disorder. 
C) 

he must have acquired his injury after birth. 
D) 

his brain damage cannot have been the result of  an external head injury. 

 
28) 

Katya has the disability that is the LEAST prevalent among American schoolchildren. Katya is a student with 

28) 

______ 
A) 

a specific learning disability. 

B) 

emotional disturbance. 
C) 

speech or language impairments. 

D) 

deaf-blindness. 

 
29) 

Madelyn receives services to address her articulation and fluency problems, which qualify her under the __________ category. 

29) 

______ 
A) 

speech or language impairments 

B) 

emotional disturbance 
C) 

mental retardation 

D) 

a specific learning disability 

 
30) 

Dr. Strunk works for a state department of education, where part of her job entails keeping track of the total number of students identified with a disability during each school year. This part of Dr. Strunk's job involves the __________ of disabilities. 

30) 

______ 
A) 

definition 

B) 

assessment 

C) 

prevalence 

D) 

identification 

 
31) 

Dr. Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard is best known for 

31) 

______ 
A) 

discovering strategies to cope with depression. 
B) 

designing instructional techniques to teach Victor, the "wild child." 
C) 

designing a mobility cane. 
D) 

developing a sign language to communicate with deaf people. 

 
32) 

Who was the "wild child" from France? 

32) 

______ 
A) 

a child found living alone in the woods 
B) 

a student denied a free appropriate education 
C) 

a mythological character 
D) 

the father of special education 

 
33) 

__________, a student of Itard's, is credited for bringing the special education movement to the United States. 

33) 

______ 
A) 

Samuel Gridley Howe 

B) 

Edouard Seguin 
C) 

Maria Montessori 

D) 

Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet 

 
34) 

Special education and general education differ across all of the following dimensions EXCEPT 

34) 

______ 
A) 

they are not designed for students with the same learning needs. 
B) 

general education focuses on groups of learners, while special education is individualized. 
C) 

key components of special education are based in law. 
D) 

general education requires parental participation as a basic tenet. 

 
35) 

Jaden is a high school student with a severe disability. During school he receives on-the-job training, practices riding the city bus to his workplace, and learns about home management activities. Jaden is receiving what type of education? 

35) 

______ 
A) 

community based instruction 

B) 

positive behavior support 
C) 

multitiered instruction 

D) 

progress monitoring 

 
36) 

Miguel is a high school student who is blind. In order for him to graduate with a regular diploma, the school professionals need to ensure that he has access to 

36) 

______ 
A) 

PBS. 

B) 

RTI. 
C) 

a sign language interpreter. 

D) 

the general education curriculum. 

 
37) 

Mr. Hess, a special education teacher, uses instructional practices than have been proven to be effective through research, which are the __________ feature of evidence-based practices. 

37) 

______ 
A) 

strategic 

B) 

explicit 

C) 

validated 

D) 

accountable 

 
38) 

Jennifer is a special education student. The effectiveness of the instruction she receives is evaluated frequently and systematically. To which feature of evidence-based practices does this refer? 

38) 

______ 
A) 

accountable 

B) 

validated 

C) 

strategic 

D) 

explicit 

 
39) 

Rhonda is a student with a learning disability who has difficulty memorizing math facts. Twice each week, she takes a one-minute timed math fact test. Her teacher collects the data from these tests and makes her instructional decisions based upon her progress. This procedure is called 

39) 

______ 
A) 

due process. 

B) 

sequential learning. 
C) 

progress monitoring. 

D) 

assistive technology. 

 
40) 

Ms. Lincoln, a special education teacher, and Ms. Waters, a general educator, teach together in the same classroom, sharing the same group of students. This is an example of 

40) 

______ 
A) 

co-teaching. 

B) 

progress monitoring. 
C) 

multitiered instruction. 

D) 

a resource room. 

 
41) 

Mr. Rahm adjusts his instruction to meet the needs and learning styles of all of his 7th-grade students. Mr. Rahm is using what educational practice? 

41) 

______ 
A) 

differentiated instruction 

B) 

multitiered instruction 
C) 

UDL 

D) 

RTI 

 
42) 

Dulcea has a learning disability which prevents her from reading her social studies textbook. However, she has an electronic version of the book on her computer. Using text-to-speech technology, she is able to listen to a computerized voice read her text while the words are highlighted on the screen, allowing her access to the same information as her classmates. This is an example of 

42) 

______ 
A) 

differentiated instruction. 

B) 

multitiered instruction. 
C) 

RTI. 

D) 

UDL. 

 
43) 

Because Dulcea has electronic versions of her texts, it means that her state has complied with IDEA in its adoption of 

43) 

______ 
A) 

NIMAS. 

B) 

LRE. 

C) 

PBS. 

D) 

RTI. 

 
44) 

PBS and RTI are examples of 

44) 

______ 
A) 

differentiated instruction. 

B) 

FAPE. 
C) 

multitiered instruction. 

D) 

universal design for learning. 

 
45) 

Jackson is a first-grade student who has displays aggressive behavior toward his classmates and teacher. Which of the following would be appropriate to use with Jackson? 

45) 

______ 
A) 

LRE 

B) 

PBS 

C) 

UDL 

D) 

RTI 

 
46) 

RTI is similar to PBS, except that it 

46) 

______ 
A) 

is only used with students with disabilities and PBS is used with all students. 
B) 

addresses academic skills instead of behavior. 
C) 

usually has less tiers. 
D) 

is a requirement of NCLB. 

 
47) 

In which component of RTI are all students assessed? 

47) 

______ 
A) 

universal screening 

B) 

Tier 1 
C) 

Tier 2 

D) 

Tier 3 

 
48) 

In an RTI system, small groups of students receive additional support and instruction in __________, during which their progress is carefully monitored. 

48) 

______ 
A) 

universal screening 

B) 

Tier 1 
C) 

Tier 2 

D) 

Tier 3 

 
49) 

Mr. Jindal, a third-grade teacher, provides high-quality instruction to all the students in his class. This occurs during the __________ component of RTI. 

49) 

______ 
A) 

universal screening 

B) 

Tier 1 
C) 

Tier 2 

D) 

Tier 3 

 
50) 

Seven-year-old J.D. receives intensive, individualized interventions for his reading difficulties. In which component of RTI does this occur? 

50) 

______ 
A) 

universal screening 

B) 

Tier 1 
C) 

Tier 2 

D) 

Tier 3 

 
SHORT ANSWER.  Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 
51) 

What are the two exceptions to the "people first language" guidelines discussed in Chapter 1? 

51)  

_____________ 

 
52) 

Which three disabilities were added to IDEA most recently? 

52)  

_____________ 

 
53) 

What is a definition of least restrictive environment? 

53)  

_____________ 

 
54) 

What does FAPE stand for? 

54)  

_____________ 

 
55) 

Briefly define the concept of normalization. 

55)  

_____________ 

 
56) 

Briefly explain what constitutes a high-incidence disability. 

56)  

_____________ 

 
57) 

List the high-incidence disabilities. 

57)  

_____________ 

 
58) 

Briefly explain what constitutes a low-incidence disability. 

58)  

_____________ 

 
59) 

List the low-incidence disabilities. 

59)  

_____________ 

 
60) 

Describe one caution associated with co-teaching. 

60)  

_____________ 

 
ESSAY.  Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 
61) 

Discuss the different viewpoints surrounding the concept of disability. 

 
62) 

Describe the similarities and differences between Section 504, IDEA, and the ADA. 

 
63) 

Explain the differences in the terms "disability" and "handicap." 

 
64) 

Desiah is a first-grade student identified as having a disability. What are the seven considerations involved in meeting his needs in the least restrictive environment? 

 
65) 

What are the six common features of effective special education? 

 
1) 

C 

2) 

B 

3) 

A 

4) 

A 

5) 

A 

6) 

B 

7) 

B 

8) 

B 

9) 

D 

10) 

D 

11) 

C 

12) 

C 

13) 

D 

14) 

A 

15) 

D 

16) 

A 

17) 

D 

18) 

B 

19) 

B 

20) 

C 

21) 

A 

22) 

B 

23) 

B 

24) 

C 

25) 

C 

26) 

A 

27) 

C 

28) 

D 

29) 

A 

30) 

C 

31) 

B 

32) 

A 

33) 

B 

34) 

D 

35) 

A 

36) 

D 

37) 

C 

38) 

A 

39) 

C 

40) 

A 

41) 

A 

42) 

D 

43) 

A 

44) 

C 

45) 

B 

46) 

B 

47) 

A 

48) 

C 

49) 

B 

50) 

A 

51) 

blind individuals, members of the Deaf community 

52) 

ADHD (under "other health impairments"), TBI, autism 

53) 

educational placement with the most inclusion and integration with typical learners as possible and appropriate 

54) 

Free Appropriate Public Education 

55) 

making available the ordinary patterns of life and conditions of everyday living 

56) 

High-incidence disabilities are the special education categories with the most students. 

57) 

specific learning disabilities, speech or language impairments, mental retardation, emotional disturbance 

58) 

Low-incidence disabilities are the special education categories with few students. 

59) 

multiple disabilities, deafness/hearing impairment, orthopedic impairments, other health impairments, visual impairments, autism, Deaf-blindness, traumatic brain injury, developmental delay 

60) 

The roles of the special education and general education teachers are not equal, and the special education teacher is often relegated to the role of an assistant. 

61) 

Deficit perspective human behavior and characteristics are distributed along a continuum, the normal curve. Half of all individuals fall below the "normal" or "average" score in some skill area.

Cultural perspective Different cultures have values and respect concepts that differ from mainstream American society, and thus view disability differently (including causes of disability, positive or negative connotations).

Sociological perspective Differences across skills are socially constructed. How a society treats individuals is what makes people different from each other, not a condition or set of traits that the individual possesses. People's attitudes determine disability vs. handicap. 

62) 

IDEA is a children's law, designed to provide equal opportunities and a free and appropriate education in the public school system. Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act was Congress's first attempt at a national civil rights law, including some protection of the rights of students with disabilities to public education–like IDEA later–and requires accommodations for people with disabilities–like ADA later. However, nearly 20 years after it passed the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, Congress took stronger measures and passed ADA, which bars discrimination in employment, transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications. ADA supports and extends Section 504, guaranteeing access to all aspects of life, and removal of barriers. Both Section 504 and ADA are considered civil rights and anti-discrimination laws and have broader definitions of disabilities than IDEA. They guarantee the right to accommodations even for those who do not need special education services and to those beyond school age.  

63) 

Answers should contain reference to disability being a difference or a result of conditions or impairments and handicap involving challenges and barriers imposed by others. 

64) 

Answers must list the seven concepts from the "What IDEA Says About LRE" Box (educated with nondisabled peers to the maximum extent possible, ensures continuum of alternative placements, provides for supplementary services in conjunction with general ed, individually determined and based on student evaluations, evaluated at least annually, based on child’s IEP, as close to child’s home as possible). 

65) 

The six common features of effective special education  are

1)	Validated (using practices proven effective through research)
2)	Individually determined (matching teaching procedures to individuals)
3)	Explicit (directly applying interventions to content and skills)
4)	Strategic (helping students apply methods to guide their learning)
5)	Sequential (building upon previous mastery)
6)	Monitored (evaluating progress frequently and systematically)