Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Java
Section 1.1 Introduction
1.1 Q1: Which of the following statements is false?
a.	Object-oriented programming is today's key programming methodology.
b.	Java has become the language of choice for implementing Internet-based applications and software for devices that communicate over a network.
c.	Software commands computer hardware to perform tasks.
d.	In use today are more than a trillion general-purpose computers and trillions more Java-enabled cellphones, smartphones and other handheld devices.
ANS: d. In use today are more than a trillion general-purpose computers and trillions more Java-enabled cellphones, smartphones and other handheld devices.

1.1 Q2: Which edition of Java is geared toward developing large-scale, distributed networking applications and web-based applications?
a. Standard Edition.
b. Industrial Edition.
c. Enterprise Edition.
d. Micro Edition.
ANS: c. Enterprise Edition.

Section 1.2 Computers: Hardware and Software
1.2 Q1: Which of the following is most closely associated with Moore's Law?
a. Every year or two, the price of computers has approximately doubled.
b. Object-oriented programming uses less memory than previous software-development methodologies.
c. Demand for communications bandwidth is decreasing dramatically each year.
d. Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled without any increase in price.
ANS: d. Every year or two, the capacities of computers have approximately doubled without any increase in price.

1.2 Q2: Which of the following statements is false?
a. A quadrillion-instruction-per-section computer can perform in one second more than 100,000 instructions for every person on the planet.
b. Today's key programming methodology is object-oriented programming.
c. The vast majority of the microprocessors produced each year are used in general-purpose computers.
d. Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called computer programs..
ANS: c. The vast majority of the microprocessors produced each year are used in general-purpose computers. Actually, they're used in embedded systems.

Section 1.3 Data Hierarchy
1.3 Q1: Which of the following statements is false?
a. The impressive functions performed by computers involve only the simplest manipulations of 1s and 2s .	
b. ASCII is a popular subset of Unicode.	
c. Fields are composed of characters or bytes.
d. On some operating systems, a file is viewed simply as a sequence of bytes.
ANS: a. The impressive functions performed by computers involve only the simplest manipulations of 1s and 2s . It's 1s and 0s.	

1.3 Q2: Which of the following data items are arranged from the smallest to the largest in the data hierarchy.
a. records, characters, fields, bits, files.
b. bits, files, fields, records, characters.
c. fields, characters, bits, files, records.
d. bits, characters, fields, records, files.
ANS: d. bits, characters, fields, records, files.
Section 1.4 Computer Organization
1.4 Q1: Which of the following is not one of the six logical units of a computer?
a. Input unit.
b. Output unit.
c. Central processing unit.
d. Printer.
ANS: d. Printer.

1.4 Q2: Which of the following statements is false?
a. Speaking to your computer is a form of input.
b. Playing a video is an example of output.
c. A multi-core processor implements several processors on a single integrated-circuit chip.
d. Information in the memory unit is persistent—it is retained when the computer's power is turned off.
ANS: Information in the memory unit is persistent—it is retained when the computer's power is turned off. Actually the information is volatile—it's lost when power is turned off.

Section 1.5 Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-Level Languages
1.5 Q1: Which of the following is not one of the three general types of computer languages?
a.	Machine languages.
b.	Assembly languages.
c.	High-Level languages.
d.	Spoken languages.
ANS: d. Spoken languages.

1.5 Q2: Which of the following statements is true?
a.	Interpreted programs run faster than compiled programs.
b.	Compilers translate high-level language programs into machine language programs.
c.	Interpreter programs typically use machine language as input.
d.	None of the above.
ANS: b. Compilers translate high-level language programs into machine language programs.

Section 1.6 Introduction to Object Technology
1. 6 Q1:  ________ is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry standard notation to represent them.
a.	The Unified Graphical Laguage
b.	The Unified Design Language
c.	The Unified Modeling Language
d.	None of the above
ANS: c. The Unified Modeling Language.	

1. 6 Q2:  ________ models software in terms similar to those that people use to describe real-world objects.
a.	Object-oriented programming
b.	Object-oriented design
c.	Procedural programming
d.	None of the above
ANS: b. Object-oriented design.

1.6 Q3: Which statement is false?
a. Classes are reusable software components.
b. A class is to an object as a blueprint is to a house.
c. Performing a task in a program requires a method.
d. A class is an instance of its object.
ANS: A class is an instance of its object. The reverse is true.	

Section 1.7 Operating Systems
1.7 Q1 Which of the following statements is false?
a. The concepts of icons, menus and windows were originally developed by Xerox PARC.
b. Windows is an open source operating system.
c. The software that contains the core components of the operating system is called the kernel.
d. Linux source code is available to the public for examination and modification.
Ans: b. Windows is an open source operating system. Actually, Windows is a proprietary operating system.

1.7 Q2: Which of the following is not a key organization in the open-source community?
a. Apache.
b. SourceForge.
c. Firefox.
d. Eclipse.
ANS: c. Firefox (it's a web browser made by the open source organization Mozilla).
	
Section 1.8 Programming Languages
1.8 Q1: Today, virtually all new major operating systems are written in:
a.	Objective-C.
b.	C or  C++.
c.	Visual C#.
d.	Ada.
ANS: b. C or C++.

1.8 Q2: Which of the following languages is used primarily for scientific and engineering applications?
a.	Fortran.
b.	COBOL.
c.	Pascal.
d.	Basic.
ANS: a. Fortran.

1.8 Q3: Which language was developed by Microsoft in the early 1990s to simplify the development of Windows applications?
a. Visual C#.
b. Python.
c. Objective-C.
d. Visual Basic.
ANS: d. Visual Basic.

Section 1.9 Java and a Typical Java Development Environment
1.9 Q1: Java was originally developed for:
a.	Operating systems development.
b.	Intelligent consumer devices.
c.	Personal computers.
d.	Distributed computing.
ANS: b. Intelligent consumer devices.

1.9 Q2: Which of the following statements about Java Class Libraries is false:
a.	Java class libraries consist of classes that consist of methods that perform tasks.
b.	Java class libraries are also known as Java APIs (Application Programming Interfaces).
c.	An advantage of using Java  class libraries is saving the effort of designing, developing and testing new classes.
d.	Java class libraries are not portable
ANS: d. Java class libraries are not portable. (Java class libraries are portable.)

1.9 Q3:  The .class extension on a file means that the file:
a.	Contains java source code
b.	Contains HTML
c.	is produced by the Java compiler (javac).
d.	None of the above.
ANS: c. Is produced by the Java compiler (javac).

1.9 Q4 :  The command ________ executes a Java application.
a.	run
b.	javac
c.	java
d.	None of the above
ANS: c. java.	

Section 1.10 Test-Driving a Java Application
(none)
Section 1.11 Web 2.0: Going Social
1.11 Q1:  ________ helps Internet-based applications perform like desktop applications.
a.	Ajax
b.	Blogging
c.	RSS
d.	Mashups
ANS: a. Ajax.	

1.11 Q2: Which of the following companies is widely regarded at the "signature" company of Web 2.0 ?
a. Foursquare.
b. Facebook.
c. Google.
d. Groupon.
ANS: c. Google.

Section 1.12 Software Technologies
1.12 Q1:  ________ involves reworking programs to make them clearer and easier to maintain while preserving their correctness and functionality.
a.	Object-oriented programming
b.	Refactoring
c.	Agile software development
d.	LAMP
ANS: b. Refactoring.

1.12 Q2: Which software product release category is "generally feature complete and supposedly bug free, and ready for use by the community?"
a. Alpha.
b. Beta.
c. Release candidate.
d. Continuous beta.
ANS: c. Release candidate.
Section 1.13 Keeping Up-to-Date with Information Technologies
(none).