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Chapter: Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Geography

Multiple Choice

1.  The South American country with the highest average daily calorie consumption per capita is
A)  Argentina
B)  Peru
C)  Brazil
D)  Chile

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

2.  It is estimated that _____ of the world's population is seriously malnourished.
A)  1/20th
B)  1/10th
C)  1/6th
D)  

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

3.  Most of the one billion malnourished people in the world:
A)  have little power
B)  have little money
C)  are women or children
D)  all of the above

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

4.  Two countries with very high percentages of arable land are:
A)  the United States and South Africa.
B)  Colombia and Togo.
C)  Rwanda and Poland
D)  Russia and India.

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

5.  Much of Kenya's income comes from:
A)  oil
B)  coffee and tea production
C)  iron ore
D)  tourism

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

6.  _____% of Kenya's land is arable.
A)  72
B)  48
C)  23
D)  8

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

7.  The set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepening relationships and heightening interdependence regardless of national boundaries are called __________ processes.
A)  spatial
B)  nationalizing
C)  ecological
D)  globalization

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

8.  Human geographers focus _____________
A)  on how people make places.
B)  on how we organize space a society.
C)  on how we interact with each other in places and across space.
D)  all of the above

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.1
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

9.  The branch of geography that focuses upon natural landforms, climate, soils and vegetation of the Earth is:
A)  cultural geography
B)  human geography
C)  physical geography
D)  biogeography

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.2
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  factual

10.  The importance of the spatial approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
A)  the arrangement and organization of things on the surface to the Earth
B)  the history of an area
C)  human activity only
D)  the political impact of boundaries

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

11.  Cholera is an ancient disease with its source area in:
A)  China
B)  India
C)  Afghanistan
D)  Indonesia

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

12.  By the time the last great cholera pandemic began in 1865, people knew to take precautions against _____ and ended the great waves of cholera.
A)  traveling in groups
B)  contaminated water
C)  eating canned food
D)  improper disposal of garbage

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

13.  In 1990, an outbreak of cholera killing over 10,000 people occurred in:
A)  the Western Hemisphere
B)  Africa
C)  West Asia
D)  Bangladesh

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

14.  Cholera vaccines exist, but the problem is that:
A)  they are too expensive
B)  they have serious side effects
C)  many people refuse to take them
D)  they do not remain effective for longer than about 6 months

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

15.  Which geographical theme would involve the study of the impact of the drainage of part of the Florida Everglades?
A)  human-environment
B)  movement
C)  place
D)  location

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

16.  _________________ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion.
A)  Regionalization
B)  Human-environment interaction
C)  Sense of place
D)  Location theory

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

17.  The degree of direct linkage between one particular location and other locations in a transport network is referred to as:
A)  spatial interaction
B)  movement
C)  landscape
D)  connectivity

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

18.  Geographer Carl O. Sauer is most closely connected with:
A)  natural landscape
B)  cultural landscape
C)  regional geography
D)  location theory

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

19.  In their study on students' perceptions of place, Gould and White found that ____________
A)  students would prefer to live near the Rocky Mountains.
B)  students would prefer to live in Utah over California.
C)  students have no place preferences.
D)  students have a strong bias for their home region.

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

20.  The cultural landscape of Dar es Salaam is a composite of several different culture groups which have administered the place.  British policy stimulated the development of a district of 3 to 4 storey apartments reminiscent of:
A)  London
B)  Bombay
C)  Nairobi
D)  Paris

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

21.  The coordinates of absolute location are useful mainly in determining exact:
A)  distance
B)  directions
C)  distance and directions
D)  elevations

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.3
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

22.  The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is properly called the:
A)  relative location
B)  absolute location
C)  referenced location
D)  grid plan

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.3
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

23.  The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
A)  absolute location
B)  site
C)  relative location
D)  index of placeness

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.3
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

24.  Chicago's absolute location has not changed but its relative location changed markedly in 1959 because:
A)  Lake Michigan shrank
B)  O'Hare international airport opened
C)  the St. Lawrence Seaway was opened
D)  new railroads were completed

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.3
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

25.  The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
A)  neighborhood
B)  inner world
C)  region
D)  activity spaces

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.3.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

26.  Except for South and Southeast Asia, which ocean influences the moistest areas of the world?
A)  Pacific
B)  Indian
C)  Arctic
D)  Atlantic

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.3.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

27.  The concern of geography with space puts _________ at the center of its agenda.
A)  patterns
B)  distance
C)  scale
D)  places

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

28.  A good example of a formal region would be a:
A)  region surrounding a manufacturing complex
B)  city and its surrounding region
C)  region of similar language
D)  region showing the migration to a central location

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.4.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

29.  A good example of a functional region would be:
A)  a city and its surrounding region
B)  region where everyone speaks French
C)  region where farming practices are the same
D)  region of a similar climate

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

30.  The cultural geographer Wilbur Zelinsky approached the task of defining and delimiting the perceptual regions of the United States and southern Canada by analyzing:
A)  results from thousands of personal interviews
B)  results of census data
C)  contents of hundreds of telephone directories of metropolitan areas
D)  data of social workers

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

31.  Of the 12 major perceptual regions of the United States and southern Canada identified by Zelinsky, the one that is unlike any of the others is:
A)  Southwest
B)  New England
C)  Middle Atlantic
D)  the South

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

32.  The concept of culture is closely identified with:
A)  archaeology
B)  anthropology
C)  sociology
D)  psychology

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.4.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

33.  Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice (e.g. cattle herding) as:
A)  a culture trait
B)  a cultural peculiarity
C)  a culture region
D)  a cultural heritage

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

34.  A cultural complex is defined as:
A)  a single trait spread over a geographic region
B)  a discrete combination of traits, for example Masaai cattle herding
C)  several groups sharing the same trait
D)  several groups occupying the same region

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.4.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

35.  The spread of ideas, cultural traits, knowledge and skills from their place of origin to other areas where they are adopted is called:
A)  diffusion
B)  adjustment
C)  spreading
D)  cultural invasion

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

36.  Hagerstrand emphasized that culture hearths should be viewed in the context of ______ as well as space.
A)  time
B)  location
C)  innovations
D)  population

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

37.  The greater the distance from the hearth the less likely an innovation will be adopted. This is referred to as:
A)  inverse innovation rule
B)  adoption avoidance
C)  distance decay
D)  cultural repulsion

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

38.  The lack of penetration of alcoholic beverages in Islamic regions illustrates the effect of ______________________ on cultural diffusion.
A)  cultural taste
B)  poor transport systems
C)  cultural barriers
D)  psychological barriers

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

39.  The diffusion of the idea of the hamburger to India but with a vegetable patty instead of the religiously prohibited beef is an example of:
A)  cultural mimicry
B)  cultural barrier
C)  stimulus diffusion
D)  independent invention

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

40.  Which of the following is not an example of a form of expansion diffusion?
A)  hierarchical
B)  stimulus
C)  contagions
D)  independent invention (ancient agricultural hearths)

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

41.  The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:
A)  relocation diffusion
B)  independent infection
C)  contagious diffusion
D)  stimulus diffusion

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

42.  The diffusion of Birkenstock shoes or of new styles of music tend to be examples of:
A)  independent adoption
B)  contagious diffusion
C)  hierarchical diffusion
D)  stimulus invention

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

43.  Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media (television, internet, radio)?
A)  relocation diffusion
B)  hierarchical diffusion
C)  stimulus diffusion
D)  expansion diffusion

Ans:  A
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

44.  Nineteenth Century American English contains words that are Dutch, Native American, Spanish, French and German.  Most of this growth of the language was the product of:
A)  multi-cultural curriculum in the schools
B)  international broadcast media
C)  a fashion for including exotic words
D)  relocation diffusion of various groups

Ans:  D
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

45.  The notion that cultural factors are the product of environmental conditions (e.g. the ancient Greek idea that Europeans were fierce and brutish because of the cold climate), is an example of:
A)  environmental prejudice
B)  modern environmental psychology
C)  environmental determinism
D)  environmental possibilism

Ans:  C
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.5.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

46.  The study of human cultures and their ability to adapt and exist within a particular physical environment is called:
A)  possibilism
B)  cultural ecology
C)  culture history
D)  cultural determinism

Ans:  B
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.5.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

True/False

47.  The world's cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change that is the result of interaction and diffusion.

Ans:  False
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.0
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

48.  Geographers study the spatial aspects of phenomena.  This is similar to historians who study the temporal aspects of phenomena.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.1
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

49.  The study of landforms, climates, and environmental change is referred to as physical geography.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.1
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

50.  The cause of cholera was deduced by mapping the spatial relationship between the use of particular London public wells and the incidence of cholera infection.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

51.  Cholera outbreaks have not occurred in the Twentieth Century and never in the Western Hemisphere.

Ans:  False
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.2.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

52.  A city's relative location can change over time.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.3
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

53.  Activity spaces refer to neighborhood playgrounds in large cities.

Ans:  False
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.3.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

54.  Details of the distribution of wealth within the United States are a feature typical of maps of Gross National Product at the global scale.

Ans:  False
Difficulty:  Difficult
Link to:  1.4
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

55.  Functional regions are the product of interaction and movement.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Easy
Link to:  1.4.A
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

56.  Baseball is a cultural trait adopted by the Japanese.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.B
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

57.  Diffusion which proceeds through the levels of an urban hierarchy, from largest to smallest places, is hierarchical diffusion.

Ans:  True
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Factual

58.  Migration of individuals is not a form of diffusion.

Ans:  False
Difficulty:  Medium
Link to:  1.4.C
Topic:  Intro. to Human Geography
Type:  Applied/Critical Thinking

Essay

59.  Discuss the problems that “geographic illiteracy” can present to a country such as the United States in the Twenty-First Century.  Give examples of the need for geographic knowledge in diverse areas such as international politics, domestic politics, economics, and popular culture.
Ans:  

60.  Discuss the difference between absolute and relative location.  What is the absolute location of your college or university?  How would you describe the relative location of the town or city where your college is located?
Ans:  

61.  Discuss mental geography from two personal perspectives: the mental map of your activity spaces and the map of your preferred place of residence in the United States.
Ans:  

62.  Describe the use of spatial analysis in the discovery of the cause of cholera.  Give one or two examples of the spatial aspects of diseases which are commonly in the news (e.g. AIDS, flu, etc.).
Ans:  

63.  What is a functional region and how does it differ from a formal region?  Discuss the functional region associated with a nearby metropolitan center—describe movement, communication and interaction between the metro area and its surrounding region.
Ans:  

64.  Briefly describe the difference between expansion and relocation diffusion.  Give several example of each.
Ans:  

65.  The South region of the United States, it is argued, persists as a region which is different from other U.S. regions.  Identify some of the material and nonmaterial cultural attribute associated with this region.  Discuss possible boundaries of the region and what you would use to establish the boundaries.   In your opinion, is the South becoming more or less like the rest of the country?  Give evidence for your opinion.
Ans: